Journal Description
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on marine science and engineering, published monthly online by MDPI. The Australia New Zealand Marine Biotechnology Society (ANZMBS) is affiliated with JMSE and their members receive discounts on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed with Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), GeoRef, Inspec, AGRIS, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q1 (Engineering, Marine) / CiteScore - Q2 (Civil and Structural Engineering)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 15.4 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.7 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
Impact Factor:
2.9 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
2.9 (2022)
Latest Articles
Sensing Pre- and Post-Ecdysis of Tropical Rock Lobsters, Panulirus ornatus, Using a Low-Cost Novel Spectral Camera
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 987; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060987 (registering DOI) - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
Tropical rock lobsters (Panulirus ornatus) are a highly cannibalistic species with intermoult animals predominantly attacking animals during ecdysis (moulting). Rapid, positive characterisation of pre-ecdysis lobsters may open a pathway to disrupt cannibalism. Ecdysial suture line development is considered for pre-ecdysis recognition
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Tropical rock lobsters (Panulirus ornatus) are a highly cannibalistic species with intermoult animals predominantly attacking animals during ecdysis (moulting). Rapid, positive characterisation of pre-ecdysis lobsters may open a pathway to disrupt cannibalism. Ecdysial suture line development is considered for pre-ecdysis recognition with suture line definition compared for intermoult and pre-ecdysis lobsters emerged and immerged, using white, near ultraviolet (365 nm), near infrared (850 nm), and specialty SFH 4737 broadband IR LEDs against a reference of intermoult lobsters with no suture line development. Difficulties in acquiring suture line images prompted research into pre-ecdysis characterisation from the lobster’s dorsal carapace, due to its accessibility through a culture vessel’s surface. In this study, a novel low-cost spectral camera was developed by coordinating an IMX219 image sensor, an AS7265x spectral sensor, and four SFH 4737 broadband infrared LEDs through a single-board computer. Images and spectral data from the lobster’s dorsal carapace were acquired from intermoult, pre-ecdysis, and post-ecdysis lobsters. For the first time, suture line definition was found to be enhanced under 850 nm, 365 nm, and SFH 4737 LEDs for immerged lobsters, while the 850 nm LED achieved the best suture line definition of emerged lobsters. Although the spectral camera was unable to characterise pre-ecdysis, its development was validated when a least squares regression for binary classification decision boundary successfully separated 86.7% of post-ecdysis lobsters. Achieving post-ecdysis characterisation is the first time the dorsal carapace surface has been used to characterise a moult stage for palinurid lobsters.
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(This article belongs to the Topic Applications and Development of Underwater Robotics and Underwater Vision Technology)
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Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Lifting Forces of Fin Stabilizers with Fin–Hull Interaction
by
Qidong Fan, Long Yu and Xuefeng Wang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 986; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060986 (registering DOI) - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
A fin stabilizer is one of the most effective and frequently used anti-roll devices for maintaining a ship’s operational safety and passengers’ comfort. However, the discrepancy between theoretical hydrofoil-based predictions and the actual dynamic lift force of fin stabilizers due to fin–hull interactions
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A fin stabilizer is one of the most effective and frequently used anti-roll devices for maintaining a ship’s operational safety and passengers’ comfort. However, the discrepancy between theoretical hydrofoil-based predictions and the actual dynamic lift force of fin stabilizers due to fin–hull interactions requires more research attention. This study investigates the effect of fin stabilizers on mitigating roll motion through the performance of extensive computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations over a range of fin angles and ship speeds. Model tests were carried out to validate the drag and motion results obtained from numerical analyses. The results show that fin stabilizers significantly reduce the roll motion, with the lift coefficient values influenced by the Reynolds number, leading to differences between the theoretical and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) calculations. At a high Froude number (Fr), the actual fin lift is about half of the theoretical value. These findings highlight the requirement of selecting an adequate fin area at the predominant ship speeds and ensuring an effective anti-roll effect with fin–hull interaction. This study provides a significant reference for ship design, as well as stabilization system control and optimization.
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(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation of the Spacing of the Aerodynamic Characteristics for Multiple Wingsails on Ships
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Hongming Wang, Chen Li, Caibao Zuo, Junfu Yuan and Binxin Wu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 985; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060985 (registering DOI) - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
Wind energy, as an inexhaustible energy source, has become a focal point in the development of new energy for ships. Sail-assisted technology, which leverages wind power, has been successfully applied to ship propulsion. The propulsion performance of sail-assisted ships is affected by the
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Wind energy, as an inexhaustible energy source, has become a focal point in the development of new energy for ships. Sail-assisted technology, which leverages wind power, has been successfully applied to ship propulsion. The propulsion performance of sail-assisted ships is affected by the interference characteristics among multiple wingsails. To investigate interference characteristics, an arrangement scheme involving two-element wingsails and considering the relative wind direction angle was established. To obtain the inter-stage interference characteristics of wingsails, the Reynolds average N-S equation was used in the numerical simulation conducted under steady operating conditions. The results indicate that, at the relative wind angles of 30°, 90°, and 120°, the minimum horizontal spacing in a single row arrangement scheme is 1.5c. However, at relative wind angles of 90° and 120°, inter-stage interference may induce stall conditions in the wingsails. In a double-row arrangement scheme, the wake of the upstream wingsail interferes with the flow of the downstream sail at relative wind angles of 90°. An optimal propulsion performance is achieved with a horizontal spacing of 4c and a longitudinal spacing of 10c. Moreover, the interference performance of the two-element wingsails can be enhanced through a horizontal offset arrangement. This study provides a reference for the arrangement of wingsails on ships.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Investigations in Naval Architecture and Ocean and Marine Engineering)
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Numerical Investigation of Wave Force on Coastal Bridge Decks Close to a Sloping Seabed
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Changxin Tang, Qingli Zhao, Linshan Wang, Zaixian Chen and Qinghe Fang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 984; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060984 (registering DOI) - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
Large waves pose a significant threat to the safety of low-laying coastal bridges. In 2004 and 2005, many coastal bridges were destroyed by the large waves generated by Hurricane Ivan and Katrina. A series of studies have been conducted to investigate the wave
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Large waves pose a significant threat to the safety of low-laying coastal bridges. In 2004 and 2005, many coastal bridges were destroyed by the large waves generated by Hurricane Ivan and Katrina. A series of studies have been conducted to investigate the wave action on bridge decks. However, the effect of seabed topography on wave forces is seldom considered. In this study, a numerical model of wave impact on bridge decks located close to a sloping seabed was set up based on OpenFOAM-v1912. The reliability of the present numerical model was checked against published experimental results. The wave forces acting on the bridge decks located before and after the sloping seabed were compared with a bridge deck located above a flat bottom. With the validated numerical model, the effect of the wave properties, coefficient of submergence, and the inclination on wave forces were investigated. The results show that the wave forces on the bridge are affected by the interaction among the incident and reflected waves, the position of the bridge relative to the sloping seabed, and the inclination. These findings emphasize the complex dynamic effects of wave forces on bridges and the importance of considering seabed topography in bridge design and strengthening strategies. This research contributes to an improvement in the safety of coastal bridges, especially in the face of increasing threats from climate change and sea level rise, as well as promotes the development of more resilient infrastructures.
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(This article belongs to the Section Coastal Engineering)
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Errors of Tropical Cyclone-Induced Ocean Waves in Reanalysis Using Buoy Data
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Yalan Zhang, Wei Zhong, Zhihao Feng, Ruilin Wang, Yuan Sun and Zongbao Bai
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 983; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060983 (registering DOI) - 12 Jun 2024
Abstract
Due to limited in-situ ocean observations, reanalysis data are often considered as an important source for studying tropical cyclone (TC)-induced ocean waves. Here, we introduced a method to quantitatively evaluate the errors of TC-induced ocean waves in reanalysis datasets. The TC data are
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Due to limited in-situ ocean observations, reanalysis data are often considered as an important source for studying tropical cyclone (TC)-induced ocean waves. Here, we introduced a method to quantitatively evaluate the errors of TC-induced ocean waves in reanalysis datasets. The TC data are from the IBTrACS dataset. We compared TC-induced ocean waves in two reanalysis datasets (i.e., ERA5 and WAVERYS) with those in buoy data when TCs are near the buoy stations. We showed that the errors of TC-induced ocean waves in WAVERYS and ERA5 are similar, because the surface winds in these two datasets are the same. We noticed that the errors in the North Pacific are remarkably smaller than those in the North Atlantic due to more realistic probability density of TC-induced ocean waves in the North Pacific compared with those in the North Atlantic. Moreover, the errors are strongly related to significant wave height (SWH) and the distance from TC center. The larger the SWH and the shorter the distance, the larger the error. Furthermore, the errors in TC-induced ocean waves decreased significantly over the past decades.
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(This article belongs to the Section Ocean and Global Climate)
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Node Load and Location-Based Clustering Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks
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Haodi Mei, Haiyan Wang, Xiaohong Shen, Zhe Jiang, Yongsheng Yan, Lin Sun and Weiliang Xie
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 982; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060982 (registering DOI) - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
Clustering protocols for underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) have gained widespread attention due to their importance in reducing network complexity. Congestion occurs when the intra-cluster load is greater than the upper limit of the intra-cluster information transmission capacity, which leads to a dramatic
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Clustering protocols for underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) have gained widespread attention due to their importance in reducing network complexity. Congestion occurs when the intra-cluster load is greater than the upper limit of the intra-cluster information transmission capacity, which leads to a dramatic deterioration of network performance despite the reduction of network complexity. To avoid congestion, we propose a node load and location-based clustering protocol for UASNs (LLCP). First, a node load and location-based optimization mechanism is proposed. The number of cluster members is optimized based on node load and location to maximize the number of cluster members while avoiding congestion. Then, a node degree and location-based cluster member selection mechanism is proposed to select the optimal cluster members. Finally, a priority-based clustering mechanism is proposed. The node clustering order is adjusted based on the clustering priority to maximize the reduction of network complexity by increasing the average number of cluster members. Simulation results show that our proposed LLCP minimizes the network complexity while avoiding congestion.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Underwater Acoustic Communication and Network, 2nd Edition)
Open AccessArticle
Four-DOF Maneuvering Motion of a Container Ship in Shallow Water Based on CFD Approach
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Tien Thua Nguyen, Thanh Long Phan, Tat-Hien Le, Thi Loan Mai and Hyeon Kyu Yoon
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 981; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060981 (registering DOI) - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
With the continuous increase in ship size combined with the generally slower increase in the sizes of waterways, the need for the prediction of ship maneuvering in shallow waterways continues to attract attention from the international scientific community. Ship behavior in shallow water
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With the continuous increase in ship size combined with the generally slower increase in the sizes of waterways, the need for the prediction of ship maneuvering in shallow waterways continues to attract attention from the international scientific community. Ship behavior in shallow water is relevant in seabed effects that result in changing the hydrodynamic forces acting on a ship. In this study, the maneuvering characteristics of a container ship with four degrees of freedom in shallow water are analyzed. The Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes approach in Ansys Fluent code is used to produce the maneuvering coefficients through the simulations of forward running, static drift, static heel, circular motion, the combined motions, and the pure roll motion of the KRISO container ship. The maneuvering characteristics of the ship are estimated for evaluating the ship behaviors in shallow-water conditions. The obtained results show that the roll has a significant decrease and the ship’s turning diameter has a significant increase when the ship operates in a shallow waterway. The predictions of the maneuvering characteristics of the ship are in good agreement with those of free-running model tests, indicating that the numerical simulation based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics method has compromising capability to predict the maneuvering derivatives and the four-DOF ship maneuvering motion in shallow water as well.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Offshore Structures and Hydrodynamic Modeling)
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A Self-Adaptive Compression Method for Ship Trajectories without Threshold Setting
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Lihua Zhang, Yinfei Zhou, Lulu Tang, Shuaidong Jia and Zeyuan Dai
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 980; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060980 (registering DOI) - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
Addressing the shortcomings of existing ship trajectory compression methods that rely on the empirical setting of a fixed threshold and face challenges in controlling the spatial similarity before and after compression, this paper proposes a self-adaptive compression method for ship trajectories that does
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Addressing the shortcomings of existing ship trajectory compression methods that rely on the empirical setting of a fixed threshold and face challenges in controlling the spatial similarity before and after compression, this paper proposes a self-adaptive compression method for ship trajectories that does not require threshold setting. Initially, a hierarchical and sequential tree structure based on the trajectory characteristics is constructed to determine the importance of a ship’s trajectory points. Subsequently, the dynamic time warping (DTW) operator is introduced to assess the spatial similarity of the trajectory before and after compression, exploring the laws governing similarity variations in the step changes during the compression process from lower to higher levels of the hierarchical and sequential sequence. Finally, the trajectory point that causes the largest step change in similarity within the hierarchical and sequential sequence is identified, and points at lower levels than this point are discarded, thus achieving the objective of self-adaptive adjustment of the level of compression. Our case study results demonstrate that, compared with existing ship trajectory compression methods based on empirically set thresholds, the proposed method has the following advantages: (1) it does not require presetting a fixed threshold and adaptively determines the degree of compression by identifying the trajectory point that leads to the largest step change in similarity, and (2) under the condition of a similar data compression rate, the DTW calculation value is reduced by approximately 25%, significantly enhancing the similarity of the trajectory before and after compression.
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(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
Open AccessArticle
Method in Selecting Vehicles for Interventions and Surveillance of Navigation Safety at Sea
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Luka Vukić, Joško Vidov and Ivan Karin
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 979; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060979 (registering DOI) - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
Selecting a vehicle to monitor navigational safety is an important goal, especially in search and rescue operations. It depends on the criteria set and the type of equipment in use. The study aimed to select the optimal vehicle according to the optimal criterion.
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Selecting a vehicle to monitor navigational safety is an important goal, especially in search and rescue operations. It depends on the criteria set and the type of equipment in use. The study aimed to select the optimal vehicle according to the optimal criterion. In the decision-making, the AHP method was used to analyze and rank the selection criteria and vehicle types. As the most important criterion, the results point to reliability in different weather conditions and the SAR vessel as the first choice for interventions and monitoring navigational safety in Croatia. In the selection process, the AHP methodology pointed directly to the significant inconsistency of the expert group and indirectly to the need for more careful selection of members, additional training, and a broader selection of criteria and equipment.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Risk Assessment in Maritime Transportation)
Open AccessReview
Amphiatlantic Dolphins’ Prey: Indicators of Speciation, Trophic Competition and Global Warming? A Review
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Liliana Olaya-Ponzone, Rocío Espada Ruíz, Daniel Patón Domínguez and José Carlos García-Gómez
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 978; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060978 (registering DOI) - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
A review of the prey of three amphiatlantic dolphin species, Tursiops truncatus, Stenella coeruleoalba and Delphinus delphis, is carried out. The main objective of this work is to review the feeding of these species in the Atlantic in order to assess
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A review of the prey of three amphiatlantic dolphin species, Tursiops truncatus, Stenella coeruleoalba and Delphinus delphis, is carried out. The main objective of this work is to review the feeding of these species in the Atlantic in order to assess the degrees of trophic competition and speciation pressure. A total of 103 fish families, 22 cephalopod families and 19 crustacean families have been counted, from which the species identified to the genus level only included seventy-one fish, twenty cephalopods and five crustaceans, and the total species identified included three-hundred-one fish, fifty cephalopods and twenty-six crustaceans. The most consumed prey were fish, followed by cephalopods and crustaceans. The exclusive prey consumed by each of the three dolphin species, as well as those shared by all or at least two of them, have also been counted. T. truncatus is the most general; however, the western Atlantic populations exhibit high dietary specialization compared to the eastern Atlantic populations, reflecting strong speciation pressure on both sides of the Atlantic. D. delphis and S. coeruleoalba, despite their amphiatlantism, have hardly been studied in the western Atlantic, except for a few references in the southern hemisphere, so the fundamental differences between the two species and their comparison with T. truncatus have been established with records from the eastern Atlantic. All three dolphin species have been observed to be expanding, especially D. delphis. This northward expansion and that of their prey is discussed.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation)
Open AccessArticle
Performance Improvement of a Straight-Bladed Darrieus Hydrokinetic Turbine through Enhanced Winglet Designs
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Omar D. López, Nicolás Botero, Emerson Escobar Nunez and Santiago Laín
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 977; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060977 (registering DOI) - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
The global climate and energy crisis have underscored the importance of sustainability in energy systems and their efficiency. In the case of vertical axis turbines (VATs) for hydrokinetic applications, the increment in efficiency is a topic of interest. Using winglets as passive flow
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The global climate and energy crisis have underscored the importance of sustainability in energy systems and their efficiency. In the case of vertical axis turbines (VATs) for hydrokinetic applications, the increment in efficiency is a topic of interest. Using winglets as passive flow control devices has the potential to improve the power coefficient of straight-bladed (SB) Darrieus turbines highly due to their impact in the dynamics of the flow close to the tip blade and the general impact in the hydrodynamic performance of each blade. The aim of the present work is to study the influence of the geometric parameters of a symmetric winglet in the performance of an SB-VAT for hydrokinetic applications via numerical simulations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Several simulations were performed in Star CCM+ v2206 varying the cant and sweep angles of the designed winglet. Numerical results show that a cant angle of 45° in combination with a sweep angle of 60° achieved the highest power coefficient with an increment around 20% with respect to the model without winglets. Furthermore, the vortical flow structures that form around straight and winglet blades are examined. This involves assessing the distribution of pressure and skin friction coefficients at different blade azimuthal positions during a turbine revolution. In general, the predicted increment in performance is related to the influence of the winglets in the strength of the tip vortices and in the delay in the flow separation.
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(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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Pursuing Optimization Using Multimodal Transportation System: A Strategic Approach to Minimizing Costs and CO2 Emissions
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Ivan Derpich, Claudia Duran, Raul Carrasco, Fabricio Moreno, Christian Fernandez-Campusano and Leonardo Espinosa-Leal
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 976; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060976 (registering DOI) - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
The core problem of a multimodal transportation system is integrating various transportation modes into a cohesive, efficient, and user-friendly network. This study introduces a novel centralized load concentration approach for regions facing geographic challenges. The principal aim is improving multimodal transportation systems by
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The core problem of a multimodal transportation system is integrating various transportation modes into a cohesive, efficient, and user-friendly network. This study introduces a novel centralized load concentration approach for regions facing geographic challenges. The principal aim is improving multimodal transportation systems by mitigating CO2 emissions and improving operational efficiency. This will significantly reduce high logistics costs and the environmental impact caused by greenhouse gas emissions, particularly in land transportation, aligning with the global sustainable development goals and offering a promising path towards a more sustainable future. The proposed method implicates direct cargo transportation from its origin to the export ports without passing through intermediate centers. The mathematical model determines the most efficient means of transportation for each route, considering variables such as distance, volume, and type of cargo. Research results indicate that multiple hubs may not be necessary in scenarios with high freight concentration, which could streamline transportation and logistics operations. The modal preferences vary depending on regional dynamics and cargo characteristics, with rail and sea transport emerging as preferable options in specific circumstances, outperforming road transport. The proposed model shows reductions in logistics costs and CO2 emissions compared to road-focused scenarios. This study provides an adaptable framework for optimizing multimodal transportation systems in regions with similar geographic and logistical attributes. It offers a versatile solution to various contexts and needs. Lastly, the strategic integration of multiple modes of transportation is fundamental to improving efficiency and sustainability.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maritime Logistics and Green Shipping)
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Adaptive Distributed Heterogeneous Formation Control for UAV-USVs with Input Quantization
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Jun Ning, Yuyang Huang, Zihan Liu, Wei Li and Xingwang Yue
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 975; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060975 (registering DOI) - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
This paper investigates the cooperative formation trajectory tracking problem for heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and multiple unmanned surface vessel (USV) systems with input quantization performance. Firstly, at the kinematic level, a distributed guidance law based on an extended state observer (ESO) is
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This paper investigates the cooperative formation trajectory tracking problem for heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and multiple unmanned surface vessel (USV) systems with input quantization performance. Firstly, at the kinematic level, a distributed guidance law based on an extended state observer (ESO) is designed to compensate for the unknown speed of neighbor agents for expected trajectory tracking, and subsequently at the dynamic level, an ESO is utilized to estimate model uncertainties and environmental disturbances. Following that, a linear analytic model is employed to depict the input quantization process, and the corresponding adaptive quantization controller is designed without necessitating prior information on quantization parameters. Based on the input-to-state stability, the stability of the proposed control structure is proved, and all the signals in the closed-loop system are ultimately bounded. Finally, a simulation study is provided to show the efficacy of the proposed strategy.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unmanned Marine Vehicles: Navigation, Control and Sensing)
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Development of Hydroacoustic Localization Algorithms for AUV Based on the Error-Corrected WMChan-Taylor Algorithm
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Huibao Yang, Xiujing Gao, Bangshuai Li, Bo Xiao and Hongwu Huang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 974; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060974 - 11 Jun 2024
Abstract
Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are susceptible to non-line-of-sight (NLOS) errors and noise bias at receiving stations during the application of hydroacoustic localization systems, leading to a degradation in positioning accuracy. To address this problem, this paper optimizes the Chan-Taylor algorithm. Initially, we propose
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Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are susceptible to non-line-of-sight (NLOS) errors and noise bias at receiving stations during the application of hydroacoustic localization systems, leading to a degradation in positioning accuracy. To address this problem, this paper optimizes the Chan-Taylor algorithm. Initially, we propose the Weighted Modified Chan-Taylor (WMChan-Talor) algorithm, which introduces dynamic weights into the Chan algorithm to correct noise variance at measurement stations, thereby improving the accuracy of AUV positioning. Computer simulations validate the effectiveness of the WMChan-Taylor algorithm in enhancing positioning accuracy. To further address the accuracy degradation caused by noise deviations across different receiving stations, we introduce an error-corrected WMChan-Taylor algorithm. This algorithm utilizes a standard residual function to eliminate significant delays caused by large errors at receiving stations and applies standard residual weighting to improve the combined positioning solution. The performance of the error-corrected WMChan-Taylor algorithm is demonstrated through both computer and semi-physical simulation experiments, confirming its capability to isolate noisier stations and thus enhance overall positioning accuracy.
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(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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New Exploration of Emission Abatement Solution for Newbuilding Bulk Carriers
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Shunquan Huang and Yuyang Li
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 973; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060973 - 10 Jun 2024
Abstract
With the implementation of the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) sulfur cap 2020, shipowners have had to choose suitable sulfur oxide emission abatement solutions to respond to this policy. The use of Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (VLSFO) and the installation of scrubbers are
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With the implementation of the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) sulfur cap 2020, shipowners have had to choose suitable sulfur oxide emission abatement solutions to respond to this policy. The use of Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (VLSFO) and the installation of scrubbers are the main response solutions for bulk carriers today. In recent years, the epidemic has gradually improved, and the options facing shipowners may change. Based on the Clarkson Shipping Intelligence Network, this paper collects data related to newbuilding bulk carriers after the implementation of this policy, considers several factors affecting shipowners’ decision, and adopts a machine learning approach for the first time to build a model and make predictions on emission abatement solutions to provide some reference for shipowners to choose a more suitable solution. The results of the study show that the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model is more suitable for the problem studied in this paper, and the highest prediction accuracy of about 84.25% with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.9019 is achieved using this model with hyperparameter adjustment based on a stratified sampling divided data set. The model makes good predictions for newbuilding bulk carriers. In addition, the deadweight tonnage and annual distance traveled of a ship have a greater degree of influence on the choice of its option, which can be given priority in the decision making. In contrast to traditional cost–benefit analyses, this study incorporates economic and non-economic factors and uses machine learning methods for effective classification, which have the advantage of being fast, comparable, and highly accurate.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart and Low Carbon Emission-Oriented Maritime Traffic Management and Controlling)
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Hydrodynamic Characteristics Analysis and Mooring System Optimization of an Innovative Deep-Sea Aquaculture Platform
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Lixin Zhang, Xingwei Zhen, Qiuyang Duan, Yi Huang, Chao Chen and Yangyang Li
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 972; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060972 - 9 Jun 2024
Abstract
As nearshore aquaculture spaces become saturated, the development of fisheries aquaculture for deep sea has become an inevitable trend. This paper proposes an innovative deep-sea aquaculture platform that incorporates a vessel-shaped main structure and a single-point mooring system. The potential flow theory and
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As nearshore aquaculture spaces become saturated, the development of fisheries aquaculture for deep sea has become an inevitable trend. This paper proposes an innovative deep-sea aquaculture platform that incorporates a vessel-shaped main structure and a single-point mooring system. The potential flow theory and the Morison equation are utilized to calculate the hydrodynamic loads on the main structure and the netting and mooring systems, respectively. The deformation and force of the netting in current are simulated, and the accuracy of the analytical methods used is validated based on experimental results. The influences of the netting system on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the platform are analyzed. Optimization on the single-point mooring system is conducted under static and dynamic conditions, considering the influences of various mooring parameters, including mooring line length, buoyancy of buoys, and mass of sinkers. The patterns of changes in motion response, mooring line tension, and minimum touchdown length under different mooring parameters are calculated and analyzed. The results indicate that changes in mooring line length have minimal impact on the dynamic response of the platform and mooring system. The addition of appropriate buoys or sinkers can reduce the motion response of the platform and the tension in the mooring lines. Moreover, compared to adding buoys, incorporating sinkers more effectively enhances the overall safety and stability of the platform system.
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(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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Unveiling the Faunal Diversity in the Water Column Adjacent to Two Seamounts in the Deep Arabian Sea Using Environmental DNA Metabarcoding
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Devika Raj Kaliyath, Anas Abdulaziz, Jasmin Chekidhenkuzhiyil, Abdul Jaleel Koovapurath Useph and Nandini Menon
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 971; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060971 - 9 Jun 2024
Abstract
The diversity of organisms inhabiting deep-sea ecosystems, such as seamounts, has hitherto remained under-studied. In this study, we report on the faunal diversity in the water column adjacent to the summit and periphery of two seamounts (SMS2 and SMS3) and an oxygen minimum
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The diversity of organisms inhabiting deep-sea ecosystems, such as seamounts, has hitherto remained under-studied. In this study, we report on the faunal diversity in the water column adjacent to the summit and periphery of two seamounts (SMS2 and SMS3) and an oxygen minimum zone site located away from the seamounts in the southeast Arabian Sea. Environmental DNA (eDNA) in the water column was metabarcoded using the Cytochrome Oxidase C subunit I (COI) gene marker and Oxford Nanopore sequencing technology. Hydrographic conditions revealed that the summits of the seamounts intersect with the core oxygen minimum zone between depths of 300 and 600 m. Comparisons of COI gene sequences with those in available databases, MIDORI and BOLD, indicated the existence of a diverse group of novel organisms in the study area. Crustaceans dominated (75–95%) in the summit and periphery of the SMS2 and the OMZ site, while Cnidaria (56–63%) and Chordata (55%), respectively, dominated the summit and periphery of SMS3. Overall, the current study highlights the broad diversity of organisms living in the water column around the seamounts and underscores the potential of eDNA for exploring them.
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(This article belongs to the Section Marine Environmental Science)
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Open AccessArticle
Antioxidant and Metabolic Response to Acute Acidification Stress of Juvenile Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares)
by
Xiaoyan Wang, Rui Yang, Zhengyi Fu, Lei Zhao and Zhenhua Ma
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 970; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060970 - 8 Jun 2024
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the impact of acute acidification on the antioxidant, metabolic performance, and liver histology of juvenile yellowfin tuna. The experiment subjected juvenile yellowfin tuna to a pH gradient environment of 8.1, 7.6, 7.1, and 6.6 for 48 h. The
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This study aimed to explore the impact of acute acidification on the antioxidant, metabolic performance, and liver histology of juvenile yellowfin tuna. The experiment subjected juvenile yellowfin tuna to a pH gradient environment of 8.1, 7.6, 7.1, and 6.6 for 48 h. The findings indicate that a seawater pH of 7.1 significantly impacts the antioxidant and metabolic systems of the juvenile yellowfin tuna in comparison to the control group. At pH 7.1, there were observed increases in glutathione reductase (GR), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hexokinase (HK), pyruvate kinase (PK), sodium-potassium ATPase (Na+K+-ATP), and calcium-magnesium ATPase (Ca2+Mg2+-ATP). Conversely, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TGs) were not significantly different across the treatment groups. However, an increase in transaminases at pH 7.1 suggested potential liver damage, which was further supported by observed structural liver tissue degeneration and hepatocyte vacuolation. In conclusion, under conditions of acute acidification stress, there is a decrease in antioxidant capacity and a suppression of metabolic levels in juvenile yellowfin tuna, leading to oxidative damage. This study lays the foundation for an in-depth understanding of the response mechanisms of juvenile yellowfin tuna in response to seawater acidification as well as healthy tuna farming in the broader context of seawater acidification.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Techniques and Equipment in Large Offshore Aquaculture Platform)
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Open AccessArticle
The Morphodynamics of a Double-Crescent Bar System under a Mediterranean Wave Climate: Leucate Beach
by
Pierre Feyssat, Raphaël Certain, Nicolas Robin, Olivier Raynal, Antoine Lamy, Jean-Paul Barusseau and Bertil Hebert
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 969; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060969 - 8 Jun 2024
Abstract
The morphodynamics of the Leucate double-crescent bar system was studied over twenty years using bathymetric data supplemented by satellite images and video monitoring. Eleven different bar typologies were identified, mostly based on existing beach state classifications (Low-Tide Terrace, Transverse Bar and Rip, Rhythmic
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The morphodynamics of the Leucate double-crescent bar system was studied over twenty years using bathymetric data supplemented by satellite images and video monitoring. Eleven different bar typologies were identified, mostly based on existing beach state classifications (Low-Tide Terrace, Transverse Bar and Rip, Rhythmic Bar and Beach), also including new heterogeneous typologies (TBR/LTT, RBB HP/RBB, TBR/RBB). The inner bar shows greater variability, with 10 different typologies observed, while the outer bar shows only three different typologies. Summer low-energy periods are dominated by TBR/LTT and TBR typologies, while RBB, although common throughout the year, dominates winter periods along with disrupted bar configurations. The return to less energetic periods in spring is associated with the establishment of heterogeneous typologies. The outer bar has a fairly stable position, although breaches at the embayments and slight movements of its horns can occur following particularly energetic episodes. The inner bar, on the other hand, is much more dynamic, with more common breaches at the embayments and significant cross-shore movement of the horns. Seasonal changes in bar typology do not lead to bar renewal through destruction/reconstruction. Overall, the morphological and typological characteristics of the bar system described here seem somewhat unique compared to the existing literature.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coastal Zone Resilience: Protection , Adaptation, and Preservation in the Face of Climate Crisis)
Open AccessArticle
Ship Anomalous Behavior Detection in Port Waterways Based on Text Similarity and Kernel Density Estimation
by
Gaocai Li, Xinyu Zhang, Yaqing Shu, Chengbo Wang, Wenqiang Guo and Jiawei Wang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 968; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060968 - 8 Jun 2024
Abstract
The navigational safety of ships on waterways plays a crucial role in ensuring the operational efficiency of ports. Ship anomalous behavior detection is an important method of water traffic surveillance that can effectively identify abnormal ship behavior, such as sudden acceleration or deceleration.
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The navigational safety of ships on waterways plays a crucial role in ensuring the operational efficiency of ports. Ship anomalous behavior detection is an important method of water traffic surveillance that can effectively identify abnormal ship behavior, such as sudden acceleration or deceleration. In order to detect potential anomalous ship behavior in real time, a method for ship anomalous behavior detection in waterways is proposed based on text similarity and kernel density estimation. Under the assumption of known traffic patterns entering and leaving the port, this method can identify ship behaviors that violate traffic patterns in real time. Firstly, kernel density estimation is applied to construct a traffic pattern density model for ship trajectories entering and leaving the port, used to estimate the density values of ship motion states. Simultaneously, a semantic transformation method is used to convert traffic pattern trajectory into pattern trajectory text, which is used to identify the ship’s traffic pattern. Subsequently, the historical trajectory data of the target ship are transformed into textual trajectories, and text similarity is used to identify ship inbound and outbound traffic patterns. Furthermore, the constructed traffic pattern density model is used to estimate real-time density values of the state of ship motion, and the trajectory points that exceed the threshold of the anomaly factor are marked as anomalies. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using simulation data, and the results indicate an accuracy of more than 90% for the comprehensive detection of anomalous behavior. This study, approaching the detection of potential ship anomalous behavior from the perspective of port traffic patterns, enriches the methods of ship anomalous behavior detection in port waterways.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Data/Knowledge-Driven Behaviour Analysis for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships—2nd Edition)
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