July '23
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ISSN: 2583-5211
A peer reviewed journal indexed on Cabells Directory,
and also distributed by EBSCO and Proquest Database
It is a quarterly journal that offers papers on Financial accounting, Management accounting, Accounting standards, Taxation, IT-accounting interface; R&D reporting biases and their consequences; Corporate disclosures and Standards of reporting reflecting better governance, Environmental accounting and reporting; Auditing research, Internal and external audits, Ethics in reporting, etc.
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Impact of Capital Structure on Firm Performance: Evidence from Indian Manufacturing Industry
Capital Structure (CS) of an organization and its composition has always affected its business performance and value creation. The selection of appropriate CS helps an organization to sustain its growth in the future. It is dependent on the level of financial leverage it is going to consider for optimal combination of CS. The study explores the impact of financial leverage on the business results of manufacturing firms in emerging economies like India for the period 2011 to 2021. The choice of appropriate combination of debt level will affect the profitability of a firm. It was found that there is an inverse association between Short-Term Debt (STD), Long-Term Debt (LTD) and size and business performance of the manufacturing industry in India. An empirical model was developed to analyze the impact on Return On Equity (ROE), Return on total Assets (ROA) and Return on Capital Employed (ROCE), which was found to be significant and established a negative association with financial leverage of firms.
Effect of Overworked Directors on Firm Performance: Evidence from Indian Banks
The study examines the impact of executives having multiple directorships on the financial performance and asset quality of banks. The research has been carried out on 36 banks operating in India over a 19-year period (2001-2019) using an unbalanced panel implementing fixed effects model, with statistical evidence demonstrating its applicability. The study finds a positive significant effect of multiple directorships on bank performance, thereby confirming the "quality hypothesis" that busy directors are more likely to be better directors. In addition, it also finds significantly negative effect of multiple directorships on gross nonperforming asset ratio. Furthermore, the findings also reveal that larger board size and CEO duality are positively associated with a firm's profitability, which helps to improve the asset quality of banks, and the total number of committees is inversely associated with the profitability of the firm. Overall, the findings suggest that despite the strain that many directorships may impose on directors, busy directors bring in more experience, knowledge, abilities and network that enhance the value of the firm. In sum, the findings imply that board effectiveness, as assessed by numerous directorships, is an important aspect of board operations.
Sustaining Through Subsidies: An Analysis of the Growth Performance of Public Bus Transportation Services in West Bengal
The public sector passenger road transport services in India have been established with the aim of providing economical, adequate and sustainable services to the commuters. It is a well-known fact that State Road Transport Undertakings (SRTUs) have become non-profitable and are a heavy burden on government exchequers. In this context, SRTUs cannot be sustained unless they adopt a professional approach through policy initiatives. The paper examines the growth performance of three SRTUs in West Bengal, India. The objective is to identify the factors and investigate their operational implications for service cost and revenue of selected SRTUs. The results reveal that the annual income of the corporations was not sufficient to meet even half of the annual operating costs and that there exists a significant difference in the performance patterns of the selected SRTUs.
Research on Private Equity: A Bibliometric Analysis
The paper presents a bibliometric analysis of research on Private Equity (PE) and identifies the key contributors, major countries and institutions, and scope for further research. It uses scientific mapping strategy to meet its goals and employs R studio to extract pertinent data. Scopus and Web of Science-two popular databases-were used to extract the data. The study examines 1698 publications from business, management, finance and econometrics journals. The data are analyzed using descriptive statistics. The status of research on PE is represented through graphical and tabular analysis. Since PE first gained popularity in developed nations like US, UK and Japan, these countries boast a majority of studies on the subject. The PE concept is still relatively new in emerging countries, and there is still opportunity for more research. Future research should focus on issues like investment, venture and market.
Effect of Financial Performance on Share Price: A Comparative Analysis of India Bulls Housing Finance Ltd.
A company's share price is expected to move in tandem with its business growth. However, sometimes the share price may not be a true indicator of the firm's financial performance. The paper considers the case of India Bulls Housing Finance Ltd. (IBHFL), whose shares fell by almost 90% in the last 4 to 5 years. The paper investigates the causes of such a drastic fall and also compares the financial soundness of the firm with its two nearest competitors-Can Fin Homes Ltd. (CFHL) and PNB Housing Finance Ltd. (PNBHFL). The key variables considered are stock prices, Current Ratio (CR), Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Debt-Equity Ratio (DER) and Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR). The financial variables are studied over the last five financial years. It is observed that IBHFL faced several qualitative developments along with financial performance which is responsible for the sharp decline in stock prices.
Students' Perception on Accounting Programs Under India's New Education Policy
Accounting education today not only requires upgradation of curriculum but also trained and qualified teachers, proper facilities to nurture the growth of the students and development of relevant skills. Therefore, gaps in four aspects, namely, the faculty and teaching methods, curriculum, facilities provided in the institutions and skills imparted in the institutions, have been identified exclusively from the students' point of view. Chi-square anaysis is used to test the association between the type of institution and the perceptions regarding various aspects of accounting education. The paper highlights the highest gap that exists between the perceptions and expectations of students and the skills imparted in institutions. Further, it is found that there is no association between the type of institutions and the gaps in skills. All types of institutions are found to be lacking in providing training or imparting skills.
Research Note
Taxing Wealth - The Indian Dilemma
The Indian National Congress, which
governed the country postindependence,
had a greater leaning
towards socialism. This resulted in a
progressive taxation regime that led to more
number of taxes being levied on the richer
section of the population. As the complex
direct tax system of the time resulted in huge
tax evasion, the Government of India set up
the Kaldor Committee in 1955. It aimed to
reform and harmonize the existing system
of taxation. An integrated system of taxation
was designed in order to prevent tax evasion/
avoidance by the wealthy, in consonance
with the suggestions of the Committee. As
a result, the Wealth Tax Act, 1957, was born.
This tax on wealth, also known as Wealth
Tax, was levied by the Central Government
on an entity's net holding or assets. It
included financial assets such as cash, bank
deposits and shares, and physical assets such
as real estate, jewelry, and vehicles. Net
wealth, in this regard, was calculated by
ascertaining the aggregate value of assets
and subtracting the aggregate value of debts
or liabilities from it, as on the date of
valuation. Assets that were exempt included
agricultural land, personal effects, and certain
types of insurance policies, among other
things.
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